cells in Bolidens Aitik copper mine in Northern Sweden. The use of high volume flotation cells has nowadays become more and more common to deal with the production of high capacity, low grade open pit mines, which are typically copper or gold mines. Implementation of large flotation cells in the mineral
Laboratory Flotation Testing Services. Flotation tests are used to evaluate a materials amenability to froth flotation processing. 911 Metallurgy can provide you with the flotation processing test work that you need, at both the laboratory and pilot plant scale.
Potash Flotation Process. Potash occurs in soft deposits generally associated with sodium chloride and varying amounts of clay slime, which because of its colloidal character, complicates the beneficiation process. Potash ores generally contain 20 to 40 percent KCL with the balance being NaCl and a small amount of clay slime, the latter usually ...
The flotation cells at the customers mines were being damaged by the materials processed in these tanks. Flotation cells are contained units that are used to perform froth flotation on a slurry to extract valuable minerals. The slurry within a flotation cell at a mine is typically very abrasive. As it circulates throughout the cell chamber, the suspended particles abrade the walls and floors, exposing bare metal, which results in the corrosion of the expensive steel structure. Chemical wear is also a problem for flotation cells because harsh chemicals are often added to the slurry to help separate fine solids out of the mixture. These chemicals often accelerate the corrosive process. The company first attempted to line their cells with urethane lined steel plates by welding them to the bottom of their flotation cells. The problem caused by these urethane lined steel plates was that the abrasive material gradually worked its way around the back of the plates and corroded the steel w...
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It was clear that in order to protect the cell from abrasion and corrosion, the company would require an impermeable monolithic protective layer. The company investigated several industrial paints and epoxy coatings, but decided that a thin coating could require several re coatings per year and would not withstand the types of abrasion that would occur within a flotation cell. With this in mind they contacted their local Rhino Linings® applicator for a solution that was substantial, seamless, and required minimal downtime. The applicator selected Rhino Linings HardLine 21 55 for its unique blend of attributes including abrasion resistance and durability against corrosion and chemical wear. The interior metal surface was blasted to a 2 mil profile, primed, and the lining was applied at 1/8 on the bottom and 3/8 thickness on the sides of the cell.
HardLine 21 55 eliminated damage from abrasion, impact and corrosion in the companys flotation cell. As a result of the positive return on investment through reduced maintenance costs, the company made a decision to line other flotation cells throughout their operations.
Sub A Flotation Cells have been developed over the intervening years since 1927 until today there are over 26,000 cells in operation. Flotation cells are standard equipment for an ever widening range of metallurgical and industrial problems. They are being used in plants of all types and sizes and they are giving excellent results at minimum cost at tonnages of a few tons up to 35,000 tons per 24 hours. To take care of the wide range of problems confronting the flotation process, the Sub As are built in a wide and flexible range of commercial sizes, from the No. 8 through the No. 12, No. 15, No. 18, No. 18 Special, No. 21, No. 21 Deep, No. 24 and the No. 30. There is a particular size cell for every problem and tonnage, with each cell having incorporated into its design features to take care of any condition. This is the basis on which Sub A Cells have been designed. Standard cells are as follows: The construction of the Sub A Standard Flotation Cellis with double welded ste...
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The widespread success of the Sub A Flotation Cell is attributed to the basic qualities of the design of this type Flotation Cell. Successful metallurgy results from the distinctive gravity flow feature, which assures positive circulation of all pulp fractions with reagents from cell to cell and hence results in high efficiency.
The passage of pulp through the cell and the action created in the impeller zone draws air down the stationary standpipe and from the partition along the feed pipe. This positive suction of air gives the ideal condition for average flotation and the action in the impeller zone thoroughly mixes the air with the pulp and reagents. As this action proceeds, a thoroughly aerated live pulp is produced and furthermore, as this mixture is ground together by the impeller action, the pulp is intimately diffused with exceedingly small air bubbles which support the largest number of mineral particles. For particular problems the aeration in the Sub A can be augmented by the application of Supercharging, whereby fully controlled air under low pressure is diffused into the pulp. This feature is accomplished by the introduction of air from a blower or turbo compressor through the standpipe connection into the aerating zone where it is premixed with the pulp by the impeller action. This supe...
The capacity of a flotation cell, treating any ore, depends upon facts and conditions which can best be determined by experience and test work. The pulp density and flotation contact period required materially affect the capacity of a Flotation Cell. With these factors known from previous work or test results, the size machine can be determined. Three conditions are factors in determining the proper size cell and number of cells.
PROBLEM 1How many No. 15 Sub A Cells are required to treat 50 tons of gold or lead ore per day, with treatment time 12 minutes, dilution 3 to 1, and sp. gr. 3.0? Tons x Treatment time /Tabulated tonnage figure = 50 x 12/162 = 3.7 cells ANSWERThe result is 3.7 cells, thus use 4 No. 15 Sub A Cells. PROBLEM 2How many No. 18 Sp. Sub A Cells are required to treat 125 tons of lead zinc ore per day, with treatment time 14 minutes for the lead, dilution 3 to 1, and with treatment time 16 minutes for the zinc, dilution 3½ to 1, and sp. gr. 3.4? ANSWER 125 X 14/327 = 5.4, thus use 6 No. 18 Sp. Cells. ANSWER 125 X16/281 = 7.2, thus use 8 No. 18 Sp. Cells.
Continuous 24 hour per day service depends upon the mechanical design and construction of a Flotation Cell. There is no unit so rugged, nor so well built to meet the demands of the process, as the Flotation Cell. The ruggedness of each cell is necessary to give long life and to meet the requirements of the process. Numerous competitive tests all over the world have conclusively proved the real worth of these cells to many mining operators who demand Maximum results at the lowest cost. The location of the feed pipe and the stationary hood over the rotating impeller account for the simplicity of the Sub A cell construction. These parts eliminate swirling around the shaft and top of the impeller, reduce power load, and improve metallurgical results. Improvements in construction of Sub A cells during the last ten years have been gradually made as a result of plant scale testing and through suggestions from the mining fraternity. Today the Sub A is mechanically unexcelled with...
Cell liners fit easily into the cell and consist of four cast iron liners and a rubber bottom liner. This bottom liner consists of a rubber compound similar to that used on the molded rubber parts, firmly bonded to a steel backing so that it does not rip or blister. This liner is held in place at the edges by the side liners. Cell drainage is through an easily accessible port at the back of each cell. A small recirculation gate is provided near the top of each cell so that if desired, a portion of the pulp can be removed from the middling zone and returned to the impeller for retreatment. This recirculation feature influences the production of high grade concentrates in some cases. A gate is provided for this recirculation opening so that an adjustment of the zone and amount of recirculation can be varied. Flotation Cells are provided with openings in the partition plates for by passing the pulp from cell to cell without the pulp circulating through each hood feed pipe. In normal op...
Each Sub A Cell is provided with an air bonnet on the shaft assembly so that low pressure air may be connected if desired. To assure complete diffusion of air in the pulp an automatic seal is built in each casting. When desired, a discharge may be taken at partitions on Sub A Flotation Cells by reversing the casting and providing a special plate. Feed may enter any cell of a Flotation Cell, through the front or back. The hand of the Sub A may be easily changed in the field by reversing the position of the casting with plate and partition plate. The hood assembly is turned through 180 degrees and the feed liner is changed with the liner in the opposite segment. Source:This article is a reproduction of an excerpt of In the Public Domain documents held in 911Metallurgy Corps private library.
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Up scaling of froth flotation equipment
cells in Bolidens Aitik copper mine in Northern Sweden. The use of high volume flotation cells has nowadays become more and more common to deal with the production of high capacity, low grade open pit mines, which are typically copper or gold mines. Implementation of large flotation cells in the mineral